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The membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and covers the lungs is called the pleural. A tiny amount of liquid is present in the pleura's layers, which serves to lubricate breathing in and out. The pleural cavity is the term for the area between the layers.
Pleural effusion is the medical term for extra fluid in the pleural cavity. This is among the most prevalent pleura problems. The most frequent cause is congestive heart failure.
Additional causes include pulmonary embolism, TB, liver disease, pneumonia, and lung cancer. Usually exhibiting no symptoms, pleural effusion is not harmful by itself.
Hemothorax: An buildup of blood in the pleural cavity. Chest trauma from an accident is the most common cause, but additional possibilities include lung or pleural cancer, open heart surgery, and hemothorax. An empyema is a buildup of pus in the pleural cavity.
In the pleural cavity, pleural tumours are malignant tissues. Cancers that have spread to the pleura are typically other parts of the body. Symptoms: cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and sudden weight loss.
Pleurisy is a painful condition brought on by pleural cavity inflammation. An infection with a virus, such the flu, is the most frequent cause. Infections caused by bacteria and fungi, lung cancer, as well as rheumatoid arthritis, mesothelioma, and drug interactions, are additional reasons. Pleurisy symptoms can include a sore throat followed by joint swelling and discomfort, as well as a sharp pain when breathing, shortness of breath, a cough, fever and chills, rapid breathing, and unexplained weight loss.
When air or gas accumulates in the pleural cavity surrounding the lung, the lung collapses. The most frequent causes are trauma, TB, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Breathing quickly, Chest tightness when inhaling deeply (pleurisy), Cyanosis (bluish skin pigmentation), and Respiratory difficulty if large
On the basis of a patient's medical history and physical examination results, this condition may be suspected.
A CT scan, which consists of a sequence of images of the inside of the body taken from various angles and depths to reveal a high level of detail, and a chest x-ray, which reveals the interior of the chest cavity, are used to confirm it.
The dye may be ingested or injected into a vein during the scanning procedure to guarantee that the blood vessels and organs appear clearly in these scans.
The cause and severity of this condition may also be determined by doing specific blood tests.
The condition determines how this disease is treated, which might range from installation of a chest tube for air evacuation
Thoracentesis involves using a chest tube or a needle to remove fluid. Opening the chest to remove the unhealthy pleura is known as decortication. Thoracoscopic video-assisted surgery (VATS) Removal of the fluid, air, or blood is the major goal of treatment for mechanical issues. a less painful, quicker recovery open-chest surgery substitute that is minimally intrusive. Your surgeon will provide a sedative to you before inserting a thoracoscope, a fiber-optic camera, through a series of minute incisions in your chest. The pulmonologist will receive critical information from the thoracoscope images to help choose the best course of treatment.
For recurrent pneumothorax, abrading the pleural surface may be necessary to achieve adhesion of the lung to the chest wall.
In some cases of cancer (mesothelioma), it may be necessary to remove the entire pleura as well as the lung beneath.